Electric power assisted steering (EPS) offers more assistance than traditional hydraulic power steering via the use of an electric motor that is coupled directly to the steering gear/column. EPS assists in the effort of steering a car that uses mechanical linkage. Sensors detect steering column torque and motion, and a computer module controls the electric motor.
EPS improves car handling, provides directional control for the driver, and slightly increases fuel efficiency due to a reduction in parasitic losses. Other advantages of EPS are that a design can be software- modified for specific driving modes or different car models (e.g., sport vs. luxury.) Although it is cheaper to manufacture EPS than traditional hydraulic systems, a back-up mechanical linkage such as rack and pinion steering is typical. EPS is replacing hydraulic steering and is predicted to become the de facto means of steering within the automotive industry.
